Route From National Museum of Western Art in Tokyo Japan to Zauo Restaurant in Tokyo Japan
| UNESCO World Heritage Site | |
|---|---|
 National Museum of Western Fine art, Tokyo designed past Le Corbusier | |
| Official proper noun | Musée National des Beaux-Arts de l'Occident |
| Location | vii-7 Ueno Imperial Grant Park, Taitō, Tokyo, Japan |
| Part of | The Architectural Work of Le Corbusier, an Outstanding Contribution to the Modernistic Move |
| Criteria | Cultural: (i), (ii), (vi) |
| Reference | 1321rev-016 |
| Inscription | 2016 (40th Session) |
| Expanse | 0.93 ha (0.0036 sq mi) |
| Buffer zone | 116.17 ha (0.4485 sq mi) |
| Website | world wide web |
| Coordinates | 35°42′56″Northward 139°46′33″Eastward / 35.71556°N 139.77583°E / 35.71556; 139.77583 Coordinates: 35°42′56″N 139°46′33″E / 35.71556°North 139.77583°E / 35.71556; 139.77583 |
| Location of National Museum of Western Art in Tokyo Prove map of Tokyo National Museum of Western Art (Japan) Testify map of Nihon | |
The National Museum of Western Art ( 国立西洋美術館 , Kokuritsu Seiyō Bijutsukan , lit. "National Western Art Museum", NMWA) is the premier public fine art gallery in Japan specializing in art from the Western tradition.
The museum is in the museum and zoo complex in Ueno Park in Taito, central Tokyo. Information technology received 1,162,345 visitors in 2016.[ane]
History [edit]
The NMWA was established on June 10, 1959. The museum adult around the cadre art drove of Matsukata Kojiro (1865–1950), whose thinking is mirrored in the museum he anticipated.
Matsukata's acquisition strategies were designed to create the nucleus of what he hoped would become an evolving national museum specializing in Western art.[2]
The museum exhibits works from the Renaissance to the early 20th century, many having been acquired since the museum's opening. The museum's purpose is to provide the public with opportunities to capeesh Western fine art.[3]
Since its opening, the museum, as Nihon'south only national institution devoted to Western art, has been involved in exhibitions, art work and document conquering, research, restoration and conservation, education and the publication of materials related to Western art.[3]
Exhibitions [edit]
The museum is involved in the development and organisation of a special exhibition every yr. These exhibitions feature works on loan from individual collections and museums both in and out of Japan.[3] In 1963, NMWA created a splash on the international art scene by bringing together 450 works by Marc Chagall. The exhibition brought together Chagall's piece of work from 15 countries, including eight paintings lent from the Soviet Wedlock; and it was believed to be the near comprehensive show mounted during the artist's lifetime.[4]
In January 2019, it was announced that the National Gallery, London will loan over 60 paintings for a two-venue tour of the National Museum of Western Art, Tokyo and the National Museum of Art, Osaka in 2020, the year of the Tokyo Olympics.[5] Included inside the loaned drove volition be Vincent van Gogh's Sunflowers, which will travel to Japan for the first fourth dimension.[half-dozen]
Collections [edit]
NMWA has purchased fine art work every year since its establishment in its efforts to build and develop its permanent collection.[3] The museum houses about iv,500 works, including examples of painting and sculpture from the 14th through the outset of the 20th century. The museum's holdings have expanded in the decades since the museum was start opened to the public:[two]
Paintings; 18th century and earlier
The Main Building displays pre-18th-century paintings, including those by Veronese,[7] Rubens,[viii] Brueghel, and Fragonard.[ix] Many of these paintings are religious paintings featuring imagery from Christianity.
Paintings: 19th-20th century
The New Wing displays 19th- to early 20th-century French paintings, including works by Delacroix, Courbet, Manet, Renoir, Monet, Van Gogh, Gauguin, and Moreau.[10] The galleries besides characteristic works by the adjacent generation of artists, such as Marquet, Picasso, Soutin, Ernst, Miró, Dubuffet and Pollock.[xi]
Drawings
The NMWA drawing collection centers on works by such 18th- to 19th-century French artists every bit Boucher, Fragonard, Delacroix, Moreau, Rodin, and Cézanne.
Prints
The prints collection features works by Dürer, Holbein, Rembrandt, Callot, Piranesi, Goya, and Klinger, ranging from the 15th century through the early 20th century.[12]
Wedlock catalog [edit]
The "Union Catalog of the Collections of the National Fine art Museums, Japan" is a consolidated catalog of material held past the four Japanese national fine art museums:[13]
- The National Museum of Mod Art, Kyoto (MOMAK).[14]
- The National Museum of Modern Art, Tokyo (MOMAT)
- The National Museum of Art, Osaka (NMAO)
- The National Museum of Western Art (NMWA)
The online version of this union itemize is currently under construction, with just selected works available at this fourth dimension.[13]
Le Corbusier'south building [edit]
National Museum of Western Art, Tokyo. One of the examples of architecture by Le Corbusier
The Main Building was designed by the Swiss-French architect Charles-Edouard Jeanneret-Gris (1887–1965), who is more popularly known as Le Corbusier. It is the only representative case of his work in the Far East;[15] and the New York Times review of its opening suggested that the edifice itself presented an "artistic significance and dazzler" which rivaled the paintings inside.[xvi] The multi-story, reinforced concrete building was completed in March 1959 as a symbol of the resumption of diplomatic ties betwixt Nihon and France after World State of war II.[17]
History of the commission [edit]
The museum was built to house the collection of works gathered by the industrialist Matsukata Kojiro between 1920 and 1923. His drove had remained in England and France until after World State of war Two when the Japanese Government asked France for its render to Japan. After France stipulated that a French architect should design the museum that would house the collection, the works were returned to Japan. Le Corbusier was selected for this task.[18]
Le Corbusier designed a masterplan to include the expanse surrounding the museum. The design itself evolved into a building far exceeding the original brief and the library, a small lecture hall and a room for distinguished guests had to be removed. Nonetheless the removed elements were retained on the plans to provide guidance for future extension.[19]
Japanese contribution [edit]
Le Corbusier asked that his iii Japanese apprentices: Kunio Maekawa, Junzo Sakakura and Takamasa Yoshizaka be responsible for developing the item drawings and supervising the construction.[xviii]
Edifice [edit]
The museum is square in program with the main trunk of the galleries raised on piloti to start flooring level. The layout is influenced by Le Corbusier's Sanskar Kendra museum in Ahmedabad which was being designed at the same time.[20]
Archway for visitors is at ground floor level via the 19th Century Hall. This double height space is lit from above with a due north glazed pyramidal skylight intersected with reinforced concrete beams and a column. On the opposite side of the hall from the archway, the ascent to the paintings gallery is via a promenade ramp which affords improve views of Rodin'south sculptures. The paintings gallery wraps around 19th Century Hall, the ceiling is initially low but is raised to two storeys around the perimeter to display the paintings. There are too balconies at this level that push back into the 19th Century Hall to re-orient the company. Le Corbusier designed the paintings gallery to exist lit by natural daylight via four lighting troughs,[21] but these are no longer used and the galleries are now artificially lit.[22]
Externally the building is clad in prefabricated concrete panels which sit down on U-shaped frames supported by the inner wall. The building more often than not is constructed of reinforced concrete and the columns have a polish physical finish.[21]
After more than two years of construction the building opened on 10 June 1959.[19]
Modulor [edit]
In every element of the building Le Corbusier's Modulor has been applied:
"The modular, which Le Corbusier developed afterwards many years of research, is similar a musical scale which gives order to the infinitude of possible musical pitches. Based on the size and proportions of the man body, it is a means of fitting architecture to the human spirit, of ordering the infinitude of possible proportions in such a way as to make them conform to the human shape. In the new Museum of Western Art, the modulor system has been observed in everything from the structural members to the architectural details and furnishings."
- Tadayoshi, Fujiki, August 1959 "The Modular in the National Museum of Western Art" Japan Architect, p. 48
Boosted works to the edifice [edit]
The museum has been added to over the years: Sakakura Associates designed a lecture hall and office edifice in 1964 and a ticket office in 1984. Whilst Maekawa Associates added a new addendum in 1979 and in 1998 in conjunction with the Ministry of Structure, Yokoyama Engineering and Shimizu Construction installed earthquake resistant foundations to the museum.[23]
Recognition [edit]
In 1998, the importance of the construction was underscored when information technology was included in the quondam Ministry of Construction's survey—equally one of the hundred selected public buildings (the Kokyo Kenchiku 100 Sen) which are outstanding and "well established in the local community."[17]
In 2005 the museum was recognised by the international system DOCOMOMO as 1 of Japan's height one hundred modernist buildings.[24]
- World Heritage Site
In 2007, the building was registered by Nippon on a provisional UNESCO listing for World Heritage cultural site candidates equally an Of import Cultural Property, at the request of the French authorities.
In July 2016 UNESCO listed 17 works by Le Corbusier as World Heritage Sites, including the 1959 National Museum of Western Art edifice.[25]
Collection gallery [edit]
See besides [edit]
- List of artists represented in the National Museum of Western Art, Tokyo
- List of Contained Authoritative Institutions (Nihon)
References and sources [edit]
References [edit]
- ^ "Visitor Figures 2016" (PDF). The Art Paper Review. April 2017. p. xiv. Retrieved 23 March 2018.
- ^ a b NMWA collection
- ^ a b c d NMWA outline
- ^ Chapin, Emerson. "Japan Assembling a Large Chagall Prove; 450 Works From 15 Nations to Be Lent For Tokyo Display; Value of Exhibition Estimated at Near $fourteen Million Planned for 7 Years Designed by Le Corbusler," New York Times. September 24, 1963.
- ^ "National Gallery in London to transport Van Gogh'due south Sunflowers to Japan". theartnewspaper.com. 9 Jan 2019. Retrieved 2019-03-06 .
- ^ Pickford, James (10 Jan 2019). "Subscribe to read". Financial Times . Retrieved 2019-03-06 .
- ^ NMWA 14th-16th centuries
- ^ NMWA 17th century
- ^ NMWA 18th century
- ^ NMWA pre-WWII artists
- ^ NMWA mail-WWII artists
- ^ NMWA prints report
- ^ a b IAI-National Museums of Art union catalog
- ^ MOMAK marriage catalog
- ^ Watanabe, Hiroshi. (2001). The Architecture of Tokyo: An Architectural History, pp. 123-124.
- ^ Falk, Ray. "French Art in Tokyo," New York Times. June 21, 1959.
- ^ a b NMWA building
- ^ a b Reynolds, (2001), p177
- ^ a b Sakakura, (1959), p36
- ^ Reynolds, (2001), p178
- ^ a b Sakakura, (1959), p44
- ^ "Discover Compages Map", The National Museum of Western Fine art
- ^ Reynolds, (2001), p179
- ^ Spring 2005, "Do_co,mo.mo Japan: the 100 selection", The Japan Architect, No57
- ^ BBC.com: "Le Corbusier works named as Un world heritage sites", posted 17 July 2016. accessed 17 July 2016.
Sources [edit]
- Watanabe, Hiroshi. (2001). The Architecture of Tokyo: An Architectural History. Tokyo: Edition Axel Menges. ISBN 3-930698-93-5
- Bijutskan, Kokuritsu Seiyo. (1978). Masterpieces of the National Museum of Western Art, Tokyo. Tokyo: National Museum of Western Art.
- Sakakura Junzo, Baronial 1959, "On the Opening of the National Museum of Western Art", Japan Architect
- Reynolds, Jonathan M. (2001). Maekawa Kunio and the Emergence of Japanese Modernist Compages. University of California Press. ISBN0-520-21495-one.
External links [edit]
- (in English)—Official National Museum of Western Art−NMWA website
- Run into panoramic 360° view of NMWA plaza, including Rodin sculpture
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Museum_of_Western_Art
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